Ukuthandwa nokufikeleleka kweZithuthi zasemoyeni ezingabanjwanga (UAVs) zizuze amashishini amaninzi ngokunciphisa iindleko kunye nokwandisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi. Kodwa kuthekani ngebutho lenzululwazi? Amakhulu, ukuba ayingawo amawaka, izazinzulu ezizimeleyo kunye neeyunivesithi kwihlabathi jikelele zisebenzisa ezi UAVs ukwenza imifuniselo entsonkothileyo yezenzululwazi ngeendlela ezintsha.
Sithanda ukugxila kwimizi-mveliso kunye nezicelo zentengiso yee-UAVs, kodwa inzululwazi esulungekileyo ikwaxhamla ekufikeleleni nasekufumanekeni kwenqwelomoya xa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali luqinile kwaye ixesha lokugqiba imifuniselo libalulekile.
Umzekelo, uninzi lwezazinzulu zasePoland ziye zasebenzisana kuphononongo olubanzi lokukhukuliseka konxweme, zisebenzisa ubuchwephesha obutsha obufana ne-LiDAR yomoya kunye nebhathymetry.
UPawel Tysiac kunye noRafal Ossowski weFaculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering kwiYunivesithi yaseGdansk yeTekhnoloji, ngokubambisana noLukasz Janowski weMaritime Academy yeMaritime University yaseGdynia kunye noDamian Moskalewicz weSebe leGeomorphology kunye neQuaternary Geology kwiFaculty of Oceanography kunye neJografi kwiYunivesithi yaseGdansk, baye bafunda kwiYunivesithi yaseGdansk. inxalenye yonxweme lwasePoland (Ngakumbi ngakumbi, umgama oziikhilomitha ezi-1 kumazantsi oLwandle lweBaltic).
Eli phepha linomxholo othi "Uvavanyo lokuthotywa kwe-cliff yonxweme usebenzisa i-drone kunye nedatha ye-orthophoto kunye ne-bathymetric LiDAR kwi-Google Earth Engine". Yapapashwa kwiiNgxelo zeNzululwazi, ngoJanuwari 2025 kwaye ingumzekelo obalaseleyo wokusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe obutsha ukuqokelela idatha ebalulekileyo ekuqondeni iindlela indalo etshintsha ngayo ijografi.
Sifumene ithuba lokuthetha noPawel Tysiac, omnye wababhali besifundo, ukuqonda ngcono ifuthe ledrones kunye neLiDAR kwiprojekthi yabo.
“Iindlela zemveli zokubeka iliso kukhukuliseko lwamatye zifuna umsebenzi onzima kunye nokubalwa okuntsokothileyo kokwabiwa kwendawo kusetyenziswa iindlela zemveli zokuhlola umhlaba,” utshilo uPawel. "Ngokwahlukileyo, ukuqhubela phambili kwamva nje kwi-remote sensor kunye nokufunda koomatshini kunika iindlela ezintsha zokuvavanya ukuthotywa kwe-cliff kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuchaneka."
Ukuthotywa konxweme kutsale umdla koorhulumente kunye noosonzululwazi kwihlabathi liphela njengoko inani leentlekele zendalo lisanda kwaye intlekele nganye ibangela umonakalo ongakumbi nangakumbi kubantu nakwimimandla yejografi.
"Kweli phepha, sisebenzisa igama elithi 'i-bluff degradation' ngokubanzi. Siyichaza njengeyona mpembelelo yokugqibela yeenguqu kwiingxondorha ezikhukulisekayo eziselunxwemeni ezibangelwa yimiba eyahlukeneyo kunye neenkqubo, kuquka i-lithologic ye-lithologic kunye ne-hydrogeological environments, umsebenzi wamaza esiqhwithi, imvula, ukuvuthuza komoya, kunye nemisebenzi yabantu ekhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kobukhulu bomhlaba, ukunyakaza, ukunyakaza kunye neempembelelo zabo. kunye nobutyobo,” utshilo uPawel. "Ngokusekelwe kule nto, isiseko esibalulekileyo solu phando kukuba i-electromagnetic wave reflectance spectrum iyahluka kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo ngokuthotywa. Kwimeko ye-bluffs yonxweme, utshintsho kwi-aggregation yezinto, izityalo kunye nezinye izinto zingakhokelela ekuhlukeni okukhulu."
Namhlanje, ikuvavaywa kude yindlela eqhelekileyo yokubeka iliso kwimo engqongileyo yonxweme. Ngokusebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemifanekiso kunye neenkcukacha eziqokelelwe kwiisathelayithi, iiplatifti zeenqwelomoya, kunye neesensors ezisekelwe emhlabeni, abaphandi banokufumana iinkcukacha ezicacileyo kunye nolwazi lwangoku malunga nemimandla yonxweme. Imifanekiso yesakhelo sokusonjululwa kwangexesha ivumela ukubonwa kweenguqu kwi-morphology yonxweme ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye incede ukuchonga iindawo ezichatshazelwa kakhulu ziintlekele zendalo. Kule meko, ababhali basebenzise iifoto zasemoyeni, ezibonelela ngemifanekiso enesisombululo esiphezulu esiluncedo ekuthelekiseni okuneenkcukacha ngaphambi nangemva. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ingxaki yamaxesha ahlukeneyo okukhanyisa kwimifanekiso, ekhokelela kwizinto ezahlukeneyo eziza kuqhutyelwa phambili. Ngokubhekiselele kwi-photogrammetry, iinqwelomoya kufuneka ziqhutywe phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo, kodwa kusekho imiba eneenguqu zonyaka kulo mba.
“Sigqibe kwelokuba sisebenzise i-LiDAR njengenye indlela yokujongana nokutshintsha kweemeko zokukhanyisa,” utshilo uPawel. "Idatha ye-LiDAR ibalulekile ekulinganiseni utshintsho lwe-topographic elunxwemeni ngokuchaneka okuphezulu, inceda ukucoca idatha ukusuka kwizityalo okanye kwiindawo ezizimeleyo. Imveliso ebaluleke kakhulu ye-LiDAR yi-Digital Elevation Model (DEM), esetyenziselwa ukudala ukubonakaliswa kwe-3D yendawo yonxweme. Le mizekelo inceda ukuqonda ukusabalalisa kwendawo yokukhukuliseka ngexesha lokubala imodeli. "
Ingxaki yavela ngenxa yokuba icandelo lokuthotywa konxweme okwenzeka ngaphantsi kwamanzi lidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubangeleni ukuba le nto yenzeke, ngoko ke isigqibo sokusebenzisa i-LiDAR njengesixhobo sokuhlamba.
UPawel uthe, "Iziphumo zophononongo zisinika ingqiqo malunga nendlela amawa aselunxwemeni asabela ngayo kwinguqu yemozulu yangoku kunye neyexesha elizayo, ngokukodwa ukunyuka komgangatho wolwandle kunye nokunyuka komsebenzi wesiphepho." "Ukuphucula uphando lwemveli lwe-geotechnical ngokusebenzisa iteknoloji ecetywayo ekude, efana nokusetyenziswa kweedrones kunye novavanyo lwemoya, inika imodeli kwezinye iindawo ezijongene nemingeni efanayo. Ukuqonda okufunyenwe kolu phando kunokulawula imigaqo-nkqubo yonxweme kungekhona ePoland kuphela, kodwa nakweminye imimandla eneemeko ezifanayo zejoloji kunye nezokusingqongileyo. Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wolawulo lweziseko zonxweme kunye nezicwangciso zokunciphisa umngcipheko woluntu kunye nezicwangciso zokulawula unxweme ezisebenzayo zinokunceda izicwangciso zokulawula umngcipheko woluntu. ukhukuliseko lwamawa kunye nokungazinzi."
Ngokudibanisa ukuqokelelwa kolwazi lwasemoyeni kunye nolwandle olusuka kwizithuthi ezizimeleyo, eli qela lezazinzulu likwazile ukuphucula umgangatho wedatha, ukuchaneka kwezigqibo, kunye nokufaneleka kwamanyathelo athathiweyo ukunciphisa umonakalo kwijografi kunye nabemi beendawo ezichaphazelekayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-12-2025